Asthma can be defined as a long-term respiratory condition that causes inflammation in the airways in the lungs. The inflammation may also be accompanied by excessive mucus production, further narrowing the airways and making breathing difficult. Over 27 million Americans have asthma, making it one of the most common and most costly diseases in the country. Asthma can be categorized according to its originating cause, symptoms, onset, or some other defining factor. Below we list and discuss some of the most common types of asthma we see here in central Florida.
Allergic Asthma
Allergic asthma is the most common form and is triggered by allergens such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, or mold. About 90% of children with asthma and 50% of adults with asthma have the allergic type. When individuals with this type of asthma are exposed to allergens, their immune system overreacts, causing airway inflammation and difficulty breathing. Managing allergic asthma often involves avoiding known triggers and using medications like inhalers to control symptoms.
Non-Allergic Asthma
Non-allergic asthma is not triggered by allergens but can be brought on by factors such as stress, cold air, smoke, or strong odors. This type of asthma can be more challenging to manage because the triggers are less predictable. Patients with non-allergic asthma will benefit from a combination of medication and avoiding known irritants.
Aspirin-Induced Asthma
Aspirin-induced asthma, also known as aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), affects about 9% of patients with asthma. It occurs when individuals experience asthma symptoms after taking aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This condition can cause severe respiratory reactions and requires patients to avoid these medications completely. In some cases, desensitization procedures under medical supervision can help patients tolerate small amounts of NSAIDs.
Exercise-Induced Asthma
Exercise-induced asthma, or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is extremely common among asthma patients, affecting up to 90% of those diagnosed with asthma. EIB occurs during or after physical activity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. Managing this type of asthma often involves using a rescue inhaler before exercise and ensuring a proper warm-up and cool-down routine to reduce the likelihood and severity of symptoms.
Nighttime Asthma
Nighttime asthma, or nocturnal asthma, is characterized by asthma symptoms that worsen during the night and affects up to 60% of asthma patients. This can lead to disrupted sleep and increased daytime fatigue. Factors contributing to nighttime asthma include allergens in the bedroom, cooling of the airways, and the body’s natural circadian rhythms. Nighttime asthma can be quite serious, with one study finding that over half of all asthma attack-related deaths occur between midnight and 8 a.m. Treatment may involve medications, adjusting schedules, and improving the sleeping environment to reduce triggers.
Occupational Asthma
Occupational asthma is triggered by exposure to irritants in the workplace, such as chemicals, dust, or fumes. This type of asthma can develop after prolonged exposure to a particular substance or as a result of a high-level exposure incident. According to a 2006-2007 survey involving workers in 33 U.S. states, up to 48% had asthma symptoms that may be related to their work. Preventing occupational asthma involves identifying and eliminating/avoiding the source of irritation. In some cases, changing jobs or work environments is necessary.
Cough-Variant Asthma
Cough-variant asthma (CVA) usually involves a persistent, dry cough instead of the wheezing and shortness of breath that is common with most asthma types. This type of asthma can be challenging to diagnose because the cough is often the only symptom, which means determining how many people are affected is difficult since it often goes misdiagnosed. Treatment typically involves standard asthma medications to control the underlying inflammation and prevent coughing episodes.
Childhood Asthma
Childhood asthma affects around 4.5 million children in the U.S. and can be triggered by respiratory infections, allergens, or physical activity. Symptoms include frequent coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Managing childhood asthma often involves a combination of medication, lifestyle adjustments, and regular monitoring to ensure that the condition is well controlled as the child grows.
Adult-Onset Asthma
Adult-onset asthma can be diagnosed in patients as young as 19 but is more commonly diagnosed in individuals over 40. It may be triggered by respiratory infections, allergies, or exposure to irritants. Treatment for adult-onset asthma is similar to other types of asthma but may require additional management of other chronic conditions that can complicate asthma symptoms.
Steroid-Resistant Asthma
Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is a more severe form of asthma that does not respond well to standard corticosteroid treatments. It is estimated that 10-15% of asthma patients are resistant to steroid-based medication therapy. Patients with this type of asthma often require higher doses of medication or alternative therapies to control their symptoms. Close monitoring and a personalized treatment plan are essential for managing SRA effectively.
Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome
Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS) is a condition where patients exhibit signs and symptoms of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This overlap can lead to more severe respiratory issues and requires a treatment approach that addresses both conditions. Affecting around 26.5% of asthma patients, ACOS patients often benefit from a combination of asthma and COPD medications, along with lifestyle changes, to improve lung function and reduce symptoms.
Asthma Care in Tampa Bay
At AllergyTampa.com, we are dedicated to providing competent and compassionate care for all types of asthma. Our experienced team of specialists works closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans that address their unique needs. No matter what type of asthma you are dealing with, we are here to help you breathe easier. To schedule an appointment at either of our two convenient Tampa locations, please contact us at 813-971-9743.
